This is a technique called Gel Electrophoresis. This technique is used to separate the DNA fragments depend on their sizes using electricity. The DNA has a negative charge, and the electricity that flows to it from the opposite end has a positive charge. Therefore, the electricity will attract the DNA to it from the opposite end, but each DNA fragments also have different sizes ; the shorter ones will proceed further than the longer ones. It's abundantly used to investigate the DNA fingerprints of criminals or victims in crime scenes. Furthermore, because the technique is very efficient, the process throughout has to be extremely precise and operate with highly technologically advanced tools.
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